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Abū-Muḥammad Muṣliḥ al-Dīn bin Abdallāh Shīrāzī, better known by his pen-name as Saʿdī or, simply, Saadi, was one of the major Persian poets of the medieval period. He is not only famous in Persian-speaking countries, but he has also been quoted in western sources. He is recognized for the quality of his writings, and for the depth of his social and moral thoughts. A native of Shiraz, his father died when he was an infant. Saadi experienced a youth of poverty and hardship, and left his native town at a young age for Baghdad to pursue a better education. As a young man he was inducted to study at the famous an-Nizzāmīya center of knowledge (1195–1226), where he excelled in Islamic Sciences, law, governance, history, Arabic literature and theology. The unsettled conditions following the Mongol invasion of Khwarezm and Iran led him to wander for 30 years abroad through Anatolia (he visited the Port of Adana, and near...

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Thomas Gray

1716–71, English poet. He was educated at Eton and Peterhouse, Cambridge. In 1739 he began a grand tour of the Continent with Horace Walpole. They quarreled in Italy, and Gray returned to England in 1741. He continued his studies at Cambridge, and he remained there for most of his life, living in seclusion, studying Greek, and writing. In 1768 he was made professor of history and modern languages, but he did no real teaching. Although he was reconciled with Walpole, and formed other close relationships in his lifetime, his shy and sensitive disposition was ill adapted to the robust century in which he lived. He was offered the laureateship in 1757 but refused it. His first important poems, written in 1742, include “To Spring,” “On a Distant Prospect of Eton College,” and a sonnet on the death of his close friend Richard West. After years of revision he finished his great “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” (1751), a meditative poem presenting thoughts conjured up by the sight of a...

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Édouard Glissant

Edouard Glissant (born in Sainte-Marie, Martinique in 1928) is a French writer, poet and literary critic. He is widely recognised as being one of the most influential figures in Caribbean thought and cultural commentary. He studied at the Lycée Schoelcher, named after the abolitionist Victor Schoelcher, where the poet Aimé Césaire had studied and had come back to as a teacher. Césaire had met Léon Damas there; later in Paris they would join with Léopold Senghor, a poet and the future first president of Senegal, to formulate and promote the conecpt of négritude. Césaire did not teach Glissant, but did serve as an inspiration to him; another student at the school at that time was Franz Fanon. Glissant left Martinique in 1946 for Paris, where he received his PhD, having studied ethnography at the Musée de l'Homme and History and philosophy at the Sorbonne. He established, with Paul Niger, the separatist Front Antillo-Guyanais pour l'Autonomie party in 1959, as a result of which Charles...

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Daniil Harms

\'Daniil Kharms\' was the main, and subsequently the sole, pen-name of Daniil Ivanovich Yuvachov. The son of a St. Petersburg political, religious and literary figure, Daniil was to achieve limited local renown as a Leningrad avant-garde eccentric and a writer of children\'s stories in the 1920s and 30s. Among other pseudonyms, he had employed \'Daniil Dandan\' and \'Kharms-Shardam\'. The predilection for \'Kharms\' is thought to derive from appreciation of the tension between the English words \'charms\' and \'harms\' (plus the German Charme; indeed, there is an actual German surname \'Harms\'), but may also owe something to a similarity in sound to Sherlock Holmes (pronounced \'Kholms\' in Russian), a figure of fascination to Kharms.

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René Descartes

René Descartes (1596-1650) is one of the most important Western philosophers of the past few centuries. During his lifetime, Descartes was just as famous as an original physicist, physiologist and mathematician. But it is as a highly original philosopher that he is most frequently read today. He attempted to restart philosophy in a fresh direction. For example, his philosophy refused to accept the Aristotelian and Scholastic traditions that had dominated philosophical thought throughout the Medieval period; it attempted to fully integrate philosophy with the 'new' sciences; and Descartes changed the relationship between philosophy and theology. Such new directions for philosophy made Descartes into a revolutionary figure. The two most widely known of Descartes' philosophical ideas are those of a method of hyperbolic doubt, and the argument that, though he may doubt, he cannot doubt that he exists. The first of these comprises a key aspect of Descartes' philosophical method. As noted...

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René Descartes

René Descartes (1596-1650) is one of the most important Western philosophers of the past few centuries. During his lifetime, Descartes was just as famous as an original physicist, physiologist and mathematician. But it is as a highly original philosopher that he is most frequently read today. He attempted to restart philosophy in a fresh direction. For example, his philosophy refused to accept the Aristotelian and Scholastic traditions that had dominated philosophical thought throughout the Medieval period; it attempted to fully integrate philosophy with the \'new\' sciences; and Descartes changed the relationship between philosophy and theology. Such new directions for philosophy made Descartes into a revolutionary figure. The two most widely known of Descartes\' philosophical ideas are those of a method of hyperbolic doubt, and the argument that, though he may doubt, he cannot doubt that he exists. The first of these comprises a key aspect of Descartes\' philosophical method. As...

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Adam Zagajewski

Adam Zagajewski (b. 21 June 1945 in Lwów, Soviet Union (now Lviv, Ukraine)) is a Polish poet, novelist, and essayist. Subsequently lyrical on meta-physical and cultural problems. He had lived in Paris since 1982. In 2002 he has moved to Kraków. His poem Try To Praise The Mutilated World, printed in The New Yorker, became famous after 9/11. He currently is a faculty member on the University of Chicago's Committee on Social Thought, and teaches two classes, one on fellow Polish poet Czes³aw Mi³osz. Poetry Tremor (1985) Canvas (1991) Mysticism for Beginners (1997) Without End: New and Selected Poems (2002) Eternal Enemies: Poems (2008) Essays Solidarity, Solitude (1990) Two Cities (1995) Poetry Komunikat. Kraków, 1972. Sklepy miêsne. Kraków, 1975. List. Oda do wieloœci. Pairs, 1983. Jechaæ do Lwowa. London, 1985. P³ótno. Paris, 1990. Ziemia ognista. Poznañ, 1994. Trzej anio³owie. Kraków, 1998. Pragnienie. Kraków, 1999. Powrót. Kraków, 2003. Anteny. Kraków 2005 Another Beauty (2000) Prose...

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John Ashbery

John Ashbery (born July 28, 1927) is an American poet. He has won nearly every major American award for poetry and is recognized as one of America's most important, though still controversial, poets. In an article on Elizabeth Bishop in his Selected Prose, he characterizes himself as having been described as "a harebrained, homegrown surrealist whose poetry defies even the rules and logic of Surrealism." "No figure looms so large in American poetry over the past 50 years as John Ashbery", Langdon Hammer, chairman of the English Department at Yale University, wrote in 2008. American poet has had a larger, more diverse vocabulary, not Whitman, not Pound". Stephen Burt, a poet and Harvard professor of English has compared Ashbery to T. S. Eliot, the "last figure whom half the English-language poets alive thought a great model, and the other half thought incomprehensible" Ashbery was born in Rochester, New York, and raised on a farm near Lake Ontario; his brother died when they were...

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THE GRIFFIN

de Alina Mihai

I took the path of silence and of black night The sunlit world was far behind me The grass swayed gently in the moonlight And trees were tall, and starry sky And yet all these I could not see. On...

At the mother's cross A face of an angel of childhood

de Laurențiu Nelu Rădoi

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Under the acacias bathed in dead winter's frost, Driven in the wheel of life by a windy March, The moon rises warm, but it's so far away The too...

to hell and back

de oana stanescu

Sometimes I feel like I’m falling appart Sometimes I’m just dying without any questions..or thoughts..or reasons.. Sometimes my head is so heavy almost like a burden how can I get rid of that single...

A rose

de Andrei Tudora

When you’re sad and want to cry I want to help but don’t know why. To make you smile, remove your tears, It’s all I wanted for so many years. But you ignore me all the time, And don’t whant for us to...

Ghost

de Alin Niculae

\"...and my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor shall be lifted Nevermore.\" on a sweet scented summer day with the ashes falling from the sky the ashes he once loved for they...

To hope

de John Keats

When by my solitary hearth I sit, And hateful thoughts enwrap my soul in gloom; When no fair dreams before my \"mind\'s eye\" flit, And the bare heath of life presents no bloom; Sweet Hope, ethereal...

PARADISE LOST -- Book IV

de John Milton

Book IV O, for that warning voice, which he, who saw The Apocalypse, heard cry in Heaven aloud, Then when the Dragon, put to second rout, Came furious down to be revenged on men, Woe to the...

PARADISE LOST -- Book IX

de John Milton

Book IX No more of talk where God or Angel guest With Man, as with his friend, familiar us\'d, To sit indulgent, and with him partake Rural repast; permitting him the while Venial discourse...

PARADISE LOST -- Book V

de John Milton

Book V Now Morn, her rosy steps in the eastern clime Advancing, sowed the earth with orient pearl, When Adam waked, so customed; for his sleep Was aery-light, from pure digestion bred, And temperate...